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Many times it is difficult to find the proper conversion routines to build your aircraft correctly. This area will be used as a glossary as well as a link to different calculation routines!
Servo Torque Calculator
This is
neat little calculator to assist in determining servo torque
requirements for various sized planes. It allows you to determine
simple servo torque calculations, to complex calculations in
situations where there are offsets, differential, unusual control
geometry, etc. The parameters you can use and modify allow you
to calculate very precise torque requirements if you had the
time. Once you input your parameters, it will print a detailed
table of the torque requirements at various airspeeds and control
surface deflections. The simple calculations are, well, simple,
and meet most peoples needs. However, for the possessed, you
won't be disappointed either.
You can
download it here. Its a Excel 5.0 worksheet.
Created by Craig Tenney
This spreadsheet predicts required servo torques
using the following assumptions:
- The angle of attack of the wing, stab,
or fuse is zero (relative to the airflow).*
- Angular velocity and acceleration of the
aircraft is zero.
- Air flow may be modelled using the concept
of dynamic pressure.
- Conditions are: sea level, zero humidity,
moderate (~55 F) temperature.
- Control linkages have zero offset at hingeline
and are perpendicular to horns at neutral.**
- Control mechanisms are frictionless and
surfaces are mass-balanced.
- The wing, stab, fuse, and control surfaces
are thin, flat slabs.
- No aerodynamic counterbalances are used.
(Account for these manually, if desired.)
- The pushrods are significantly longer than
the servo and control horns.*
* This assumption dropped in "ServoPlus" worksheet.
** This assumption dropped in "Offset & Differential" and
"ServoPlus" worksheets.
Please note:
- The calculations are completely theoretical.
No empirical "tweaking" has been done.
- The assumptions (except #6) should generally yield conservative
(high) predicted torques.
- Extreme control throws are probably not practical at high
speeds.
- This model is best used for comparisons.
- No guarantees are made of its validity.
- Maximum required servo torque may occur at LESS than maximum
throw.
| The mathematical model: "t = (AMPC2LV2) / (4RT)" where:
t = servo torque
A = sin(S) * tan(S) / tan(s)
S = control surface angle from neutral
s = servo arm angle from neutral
M = molecular weight of air (~28.6 g/mol)
P = air pressure (1 atm)
C = average chord length of control surface
L = average length of control surface
V = airspeed
T = air temperature (~290 K)
R = ideal gas constant (82.056 atm cm3 / mol K) |
Developed by Geistware of Indiana© ., 1999.
Updated October 1, 2006 |